Which of the following are required for WAN ISP Failover and Load Balancing?

For WAN ISP Failover and Load Balancing, having a second ISP connection and placing each WAN on separate subnets is essential. This configuration allows the firewall to manage multiple internet connections effectively. When you have distinct ISP connections, each can offer redundancy and load distribution, ensuring that if one connection fails, traffic can seamlessly reroute to the other.

Separating the WAN connections into different subnets is also crucial because it prevents conflicts and ensures that routing information is distinct for each connection. This setup allows for better management of network traffic and enables the firewall to make informed decisions about routing based on the health and speed of each WAN link.

In contrast, while a single ISP connection with static routes may provide basic connectivity, it wouldn't support failover or load balancing, as there would be no backup connection available. Other options such as multiple IP addresses or VPN configurations do not directly relate to the fundamental needs for ISP failover and load balancing. Hence, the choice of having a second ISP connection with separate subnets effectively outlines the necessity for establishing a reliable and resilient network infrastructure.